How does the blood decrease the blood vessel radius? To understand this, first, you need to understand the concept of blood vessel radius. In most short words, all blood vessels have specific lengths & internal radii (plural form of radius) through which the blood flows when the pressure is unequal between the inlet and outlet of the blood vessel. In addition, this means the tension between two ends of the blood vessel.
The blood vessel works to deliver blood from the heart to all over the body. The blood flow in the blood vessels depends upon three factors: vessel radius (diameter), vessel length, and blood viscosity. Now we’ll discuss these three aspects in short.
Blood Vessel Radius: Blood vessel radius, also known as blood vessel diameter. It is the most critical factor of blood flow in vessels. It is because vessel radius changes due to contraction and relaxation of the vascular smooth muscle in the blood vessel wall. This contraction and relaxation give resistance to blood flow.
Blood Vessel Length: Overall, the length of the blood vessel doesn’t play any vital role except for to flow of the blood in the body of the living thing.
Blood Viscosity: Normally, blood viscosity remains unchanged during blood flow, but when there is a hematocrit, blood viscosity significantly changes. The reason behind this change is temperature and low flow factors.
Relationship Between Blood Vessel Radius & Blood Flow In the Blood vessel:
Must explain the mechanics of a blood vessel to understand the relationship of blood vessel radius to blood flow in a blood vessel. L and h represent the length and blood viscosity in mechanics, respectively, while R represents the radius of the blood vessel lumen.
Blood flow in a blood vessel is proportional to R (radius). Vasodilation or increasing the radius of a blood vessel results in increased blood flow to the tissue and vice versa. Different phenomena that affect the blood flow in blood vessels are as follows:
1. Autoregulation
The blood flow to the tissue, according to this, is determined by tissue blood demand. Supply increases when tissue is hyperactive; when tissue is hypoactive, supply can reduce. And thus, the blood vessel’s radius decreases.
2. Temperature
Temperature changes also cause changes in vessel diameter or radius.
For example, blood vessels dilate in high-temperature skin, whereas blood vessels constrict in low-temperature skin. The Blood vessel wall temperature changes can influence its mechanical properties.
It is understandable that blood vessel radius changes throughout the day in response to various neural and chemical stimuli. With an increased radius, less blood contacts the vessel wall, resulting in lower resistance and friction, leading to increased blood flow in the blood vessel. On the other hand, fewer radius results in more blood contacting the vessel wall, increasing resistance and causing less blood flow.
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Vasoconstriction & Vasodilation
The radius of blood vessels varies throughout the body depending on the type of vessel. The radius of any receptacle can fluctuate regularly throughout the day in response to neurological. And chemical cues that cause vasodilation and vasoconstriction.
The vascular manner of the vessel is the contractile condition of the smooth muscle and the fundamental determinant of radius and, consequently, resistance and flow.
The influence of vessel radius on resistance is inverse. Given the same blood volume, a larger radius implies less blood contacting the artery wall, minimizing friction and resistance and increasing flow. With a smaller radius, more blood hits the vessel wall, and resistance rises, lowering flow.
Blood Involvement
As a whole, we know that blood is a critical factor in the human body that plays a crucial role in all kinds of activities in the body. In any case, like high blood pressure or low blood pressure, it is the blood that controls everything. Thus, when the walls of the blood vessels contract to a specific level, the blood flow also tries to flow consistently, but consequently, the blood vessel contractions force the blood flow to continue.
This contraction results in a decreased blood vessel radius, and this situation starts to create problems for the person. To avoid such issues as high blood pressure, one should start to take medicine for the high blood pressure after consulting his doctor.
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Vascular Diseases
Vascular disease refers to the disorders of blood vessels in the human body, which are below;
- Peripheral vascular disease (PVD)
PVD can characterize by the accumulation of a fatty deposit known as plaque on the inner walls of blood vessels, causing the arteries to narrow. This constriction reduces blood flow across the vessels. Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is the standard form of PVD.
Treatment: Quitting smoking and increasing physical activity can help prevent PVD or PAD from worsening. The medications include statins to help reduce LDL or “bad” cholesterol levels, antihypertensives, and blood-thinning medications.
- Limb-threatening ischemia (LTI)
Limb-threatening ischemia (LTI) is an advanced PAD stage involving decreased limb blood flow. Over time, reduced blood flow to the affected limbs can cause nerve damage, leg ulcers, and infections.
Treatment: Regular physical exercise can help the patient to prevent LTI from worsening. Medications include pain killers and antibiotics.
- Carotid artery disease (CAD)
Carotid artery disease or CAD refers to the buildup of plaque in the carotid arteries, which are significant arteries on either side of the neck. The carotid arteries contribute blood to the brain and skull.
Treatment: Changes in lifestyle, such as stopping smoking and adopting a better diet, can help control carotid artery disease and keep it from progressing. Medications can help avoid blood clots, regulate high blood pressure, and prevent or reduce inflammation.
Conclusion:
The changes in the blood vessel radius due to blood flow cause problems for a person’s health that could lead to a severe medical condition. So then comes the question, how does the blood decrease the blood vessel radius? Mainly blood causes this situation when blood flow faces resistance owing to a reduction in the blood vessel radius or blood becomes thick.
We can avoid this situation by changing our overall lifestyle, through daily routine exercises, taking healthy food, especially green food. Doctors may also suggest taking medication for high blood pressure or stopping blood clotting and thickening.
